Changes sometimes require all windows to be re-stacked or repainted which usually involves redrawing every window. Stacking window managers allow windows to overlap by drawing background windows first, which is referred to as painter's algorithm. Stacking window managers Main article: Stacking window managerĪll window managers that have overlapping windows and are not compositing window managers are stacking window managers, although it is possible that not all use exactly the same methodologies. Mac OS X was the first operating system to be packaged with a compositing window manager. ![]() This allows for a great deal of variety in interface look and feel, and for the presence of advanced 2D and 3D visual effects. Window managers are often divided into three classes, which describe how windows are drawn and updated.Ĭompositing window managers Main article: Compositing window managerĬompositing window managers allow all windows to be created and drawn separately and then put together and displayed in various 2D and 3D environments. Re-parenting window managers can therefore arrange one or more programs into the same window, and can easily combine tiling and stacking in various ways. Re-parenting can also be used to allow the contents of one window to be added to another, for example a flash player application can be re-parented to a browser window, and can appear to the naked eye as supposedly being part of that program. Window managers under the X window system adopt applications from the root window and re-parent them to window decorations (for example, adding a title bar). X window managers also have the ability to re-parent applications, meaning that while initially all applications are adopted by the root window, (essentially the whole screen) an application started within the root window can be adopted by (put inside of) another. Components of different window managers can even be mixed and matched, for example the window decorations from KDE's KWin can be used with the desktop and dock components of Gnome. Since many window managers are modular, people refer to programs such as Compiz (a 3D compositing window manager), which replaces only parts of the graphical environment, as window managers as well. Users of the X Window System have the ability to easily use many different window managers such as those included in GNOME, KDE, and many others. Strictly speaking an X window manager does not directly interact with video hardware, mice, or keyboards, which are the responsibility of the X server, but should be the responsibility of the kernel Template:Citation needed to provide. On systems using the X window system, there is a clear distinction between the window manager and the windowing system. X window managers Main article: X window manager
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